SpringBoot文件上传和下载

环境

• SpringBoot: 2.5.14
• Vue3: ^3.2.47
• element-plus: ^2.3.4,
• **axios:**^1.4.0,

代码

后端

@PostMapping("/upload")
    public R uploadFile(@RequestParam(value = "file") MultipartFile[] files,
                        @Value("${file.server.resource-location}") String filePath) {
        // 这里允许上传多个文件
        for (MultipartFile file: files) {
            // 首先判断文件是否存在
            if (file == null || file.isEmpty()) {
                continue;
            }
            try {
                // 本地文件保存位置
                File uploadDir = new File(filePath);
                if (!uploadDir.exists()) {
                    uploadDir.mkdir();
                }
                log.info(uploadDir.getAbsolutePath());
                String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
                if (fileName != null) {
                    // uuid 文件名工具类方法
                    String uniqueFileName = ProposalUtil.getUniqueFileID(fileName);
                    String fileFullPath = uploadDir.getAbsolutePath() + File.separator + uniqueFileName;
                    File localFile = new File(fileFullPath);
                    // transfer to local
                    file.transferTo(localFile);
                   
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.error("文件上传失败：" + file.getOriginalFilename());
            }
        }
        // R为后端返回值封装类
        return R.ok();
    }

    @GetMapping("/download")
    public void downloadFile(@RequestParam(value = "file") String fileName,
                             @Value("${file.server.resource-location}") String filePath,
                             HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        response.reset();
        response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");
        String encoded = URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8");
        // 解决中文文件名乱码问题，必须要对文件名进行utf-8编码
        response.setHeader("Content-disposition",
                "attachment;filename=" + encoded + ";filename*=UTF-8" + encoded);
        // 这里使用原生response会失去Springboot的config，需要手动配置一下跨域
        response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
        // 从文件读到servlet response输出流中

        File fileDir = new File(filePath);
        // 默认文件名是带扩展名的！！！
        File file = new File(fileDir.getAbsoluteFile() + File.separator + fileName);
        try (FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file)) {
            byte[] b = new byte[1024];
            int len;
            while ((len = inputStream.read(b)) > 0) {
                response.getOutputStream().write(b, 0, len);
            }
            log.info("File downloaded successfully: " + fileDir.getAbsoluteFile() + File.separator + fileName );
        } catch (IOException e) {
            if (e instanceof FileNotFoundException) {
                // 设置返回值为500
                response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
                log.error("File not found: " + fileDir.getAbsoluteFile() + File.separator + fileName );
            }
        }
    }

前端

部分样式可能不合理可以自行调正

上传

<template>
    <div class='file'>
      <el-upload
        v-model:file-list="fileList"
        drag
        ref="uploadRef"
        :accept = 'acceptFile'
        :multiple="true"
        :action="uploadUrl"
        :auto-upload="false"
        :limit="5"
        :on-success="uploadSuccess"
        :on-error="uploadError"
        :on-remove="handleRemove"
        :on-exceed="handleExceed"
        :before-upload="checkUpload"
      >
        <el-icon class="el-icon--upload"><upload-filled /></el-icon>
        <div class="el-upload__text">
          Drop file here or <em>click to upload</em>
        </div>
        <template #tip>
          <div class="el-upload__tip">
            请上传.json文件
          </div>
        </template>

      </el-upload>
      <el-button class="ml-3" type="success" @click="submitUpload">
        upload to server
      </el-button>
    </div>
</template>

<script setup>
import {ElButton, ElUpload, ElIcon, ElMessage} from 'element-plus'
import { ref } from 'vue'
import { fileUploadUrl } from "@/api";
const uploadRef = ref()
// 上传接口地址
const uploadUrl = ref("http://127.0.0.1:6666/upload")
const fileList = ref([])
// 选择文件时会自动过滤掉不属于acceptFile列表内的文件，但无法阻止上传不符合要求的文件。
// 所以下面需要一个checkUpload方法来手动检查文件类型。
// 多个文类型需要用,分割，如: '.json,pdf,.csv'
const acceptFile = ref('.json')

const uploadSuccess = (response, uploadFile) => {
  // 上传成功
  console.log("res")
  console.log(response)
  console.log("file:")
  console.log(uploadFile)
  console.log(fileList.value)
}

const uploadError = (response,uploadFile) => {
  // 上传失败调用方法
  console.log("res")
  console.log(response)
  console.log("file:")
  console.log(uploadFile)

}
const handleRemove = (file, uploadFiles)=> {
  // 删除当前文件列表方法
  console.log(file, uploadFiles)
}
const handleExceed = (files, uploadFiles) => {
  // 文件超出规定限制时输出
  ElMessage.warning(
    `The limit is 5, you selected ${files.length} files this time, add up to ${
      files.length + uploadFiles.length
    } totally`
  )
}

const checkUpload = (file) => {
  console.log(file)
  const types = [
    // 添加其他格式文件请查询MIME
    // json
    'application/json',
  ]
  if(types.indexOf(file.type) === -1) {
    ElMessage.warning(
      '请上传格式正确的文件'
    )
  }
}
// 不自动上传，点击上传按钮后，调用el-upload的submit来进行上传
const submitUpload = () => {
  uploadRef.value.submit()
}


</script>

<style scoped lang='less'>
.form {
  margin: 50px 0 0 0;
}
.file {
  margin-top: 30px;
}
</style>

下载

<template>
<el-link type="primary"
         :underline="false"
         @click="downloadFile">{{fileName}}</el-link>
</template> 


<script setup>
    import { ElMessage, ElLink } from "element-plus";
    const fileName = ref("testJson.json")
    const downloadFile = () => {
        download(infoP.file_name).then((response) => {
        console.log(response)
        const blob = new Blob([response.data], { type: 'application/octet-stream' })
        const link = document.createElement('a')
        link.href = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob)
        link.download = fileName.value
        link.click()
    }).catch(error => {
    	ElMessage.error('文件不存在')
    })
}
</script>